22. The New World Order:
This popular conspiracy theory claims that a small group of
international elites controls and manipulates governments, industry and media
organisations worldwide. The primary tool they use to dominate nations is the
system of central banking. They are said to have funded and in some cases
caused most of the major wars of the last 200 years, primarily through carrying
out false flag attacks to manipulate populations into supporting
them, and have a grip on the world economy, deliberately causing inflation and
depressions at will.
The people behind the New World Order are thought to be international
bankers, in particular the owners of the private banks in the Federal
Reserve System, Bank of England and other central banks, and members
of the Council on Foreign Relations, Trilateral Commission and Bilderberg
Group. Now, although this conspiracy theory was ridiculed for years, it turns
out that the Bilderberg does meet and requests no media coverage. They receive
no media coverage. The world’s elite meet every year and it goes largely
unreported, for what?
Discussions at the meetings include the economy, world
affairs, war and in general, world policy. After the financial collapse, the
Bilderberg played a key role in proposing that the world prepare for a
new world order and have a standard world currency. This was propsed
shortly after by almost all attendees of the Bilderberg meeting. During the
20th century, many statesmen, such as Woodrow Wilson and Winston
Churchill, used the term “new world order” to refer to a new period of history
evidencing a dramatic change in world political thought and the balance of
power after World War I and World War II.
They all saw these periods as opportunities to implement
idealistic or liberal proposals for global governance only in the sense of new
collective efforts to identify, understand, or address worldwide problems that
go beyond the capacity of individual nation-states to solve. These proposals
led to the creation of international organizations, such as the United
Nations and N.A.T.O., and international regimes, such as
the Bretton Woods system and the General Agreement on Tariffs
and Trade, which were calculated both to maintain a balance of power as well as
regularize cooperation between nations, in order to achieve a peaceful
phase of capitalism.
In the aftermath of the two World Wars, progressives
welcomed these new international organizations and regimes but argued they
suffered from a democratic deficit and therefore were inadequate to not only
prevent another global war but also foster global justice.
American banker David Rockefeller joined the
Council on Foreign Relations as its youngest-ever director in 1949 and
subsequently became chairman of the board from 1970 to 1985; today he serves as
honorary chairman. In 2002, Rockefeller authored his autobiography Memoirs
wherein, on page 405, he wrote:
“For more than a century ideological extremists at either
end of the political spectrum have seized upon well-publicized incidents … to
attack the Rockefeller family for the inordinate influence they claim we wield
over American political and economic institutions. Some even believe we are
part of a secret cabal working against the best interests of the United States,
characterizing my family and me as ‘internationalists’ and of conspiring with
others around the world to build a more integrated global political and
economic structure – one world, if you will. If that’s the charge, I stand
guilty, and I am proud of it.”
Thus, activists around the globe formed a world federalist
movement bent on creating a “real” new world order. A number of Fabian
socialist intellectuals, such as British writer H. G. Wells in the 1940s,
appropriated and redefined the term “new world order” as a synonym for the
establishment of a full-fledged social democratic world government.
In the 1960s, a great deal of right-wing conspiracist
attention, by groups like the John Birch Society and the Liberty Lobby, focused
on the United Nations as the vehicle for creating the “One World Government”,
and contributed to a conservative movement for United States withdrawal from
the U.N.. American writer Mary M. Davison, in her 1966 booklet The Profound
Revolution, traced the alleged New World Order conspiracy to the creation of
the U.S.
Federal Reserve System in 1913 by international bankers, who
she claimed later formed the Council on Foreign Relations in 1921 as the shadow
government. At the time the booklet was published, “international bankers”
would have been interpreted by many readers as a reference to a postulated “international
Jewish banking conspiracy” masterminded by the Rothschilds and
Rockefellers.
American televangelist Pat Robertson with his 1991
best-selling book The New World Order became the most prominent
Christian popularizer of conspiracy theories about recent American history as a
theater in which Wall Street, the Federal Reserve System, Council on Foreign
Relations, Bilderberg Group, and Trilateral Commission control the flow of
events from behind the scenes, nudging us constantly and covertly in the
direction of world government for the Antichrist.
After the turn of the century, specifically during the
financial crisis of 2007–2009, many politicians and pundits, such as Gordon
Brown, Henry Kissinger, and Barack Obama, used the term “new world order” in
their advocacy for a Keynesian reform of the global financial system
and their calls for a “New Bretton Woods”, which takes into account emerging
markets such as China and India.
These declarations had the unintended consequence of
providing fresh fodder for New World Order conspiracism, and culminated in
former Clinton administration adviser Dick Morris and conservative talk show
host Sean Hannity arguing on one of his Fox News Channel programs that “conspiracy
theorists were right”.
In 2009, American film directors Luke Meyer and Andrew Neel
released New World Order, a critically-acclaimed documentary film which
explores the world of conspiracy theorists, such as American radio host Alex
Jones, who are committed to exposing and vigorously opposing what they perceive
to be an emerging New World Order.
----------------------------------------------
As a conspiracy theory, the term New World Order or NWO refers
to
the emergence of a totalitarian one-world government.
( [1] )
The common theme in conspiracy theories about a New World
Order is that a secretive power elite with a globalist agenda
is conspiring to eventually rule the world through
an authoritarian world government—which
replaces sovereign nation -states— and an all-encompassing
propaganda that ideologizes its establishment as
the culmination of history's progress. Significant occurrences
in politics and finance are speculated to be orchestrated
by an unduly influential cabal operating through many front
organizations. Numerous historical and current events are seen as steps in an
on-going plot to achieve world domination through secret political
gatherings and decision-making processes.
Prior to the early 1990s, New World
Order conspiracism was limited to two American counter cultures,
primarily the militantly anti-government right, and secondarily fundamentalist
Christians concerned with end-time emergence of the Anti
christ.
Skeptics, such as Michael Barkun and Chip
Berlet, have observed that right-wing populist conspiracy theories
about a New World Order have now not only been embraced by many seekers
of stigmatized knowledge but have seeped into popular culture,
thereby inaugurating an unrivaled period of people actively preparing
for apocalyptic millenarian scenarios in the United
States of the late 20th and early 21st centuries.
These political scientists are concerned that this mass
hysteria could have what they judge to be devastating effects on American
political life, ranging from wide spread political alienation to
escalating lone-wolf terrorism.
History of the term
During the 20th century, many statesmen, such as Woodrow
Wilson and Winston Churchill, used the term "new world
order" to refer to a new period of history evidencing a dramatic
change in world political thought and the balance of
power after World War I and World War II. They all saw
these periods as opportunities to implement idealistic proposals
for global governance in the sense of new collective efforts to
address worldwide problems that go beyond the capacity of
individual nation-states to solve, while always respecting
the right of nations to self-determination.
These proposals led to the creation of international
organizations, such as the United Nations and NATO, and
international regimes, such as the Bretton Woods system and
the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, which were calculated both to
maintain a balance of power in favor of the United States as well as
regularize cooperation between nations, in order to achieve a peaceful
phase of capitalism. These creations in particular and liberal
internationalism in general, however, would always be criticized and
opposed by American ultraconservative business nationalists from the
1930s on.
Progressives welcomed these new international
organizations and regimes in the aftermath of the two World Wars, but argued
they suffered from a democratic deficit and therefore were inadequate
to not only prevent another global war but also foster global
justice.
The United Nations was designed in 1945 by U.S. bankers
and State Department planners, and was always intended to remain a
free association of sovereign nation-states, not a transition to democratic
world government. Thus, activists around the globe formed a world
federalist movement hoping in vain to create a "real" new world
order.
British writer and futurist H. G. Wells would go
further than progressives in the 1940s by appropriating and redefining the term
"new world order" as a synonym for the establishment of a
technocratic world state and planned economy. Despite the
popularity of his ideas in some state socialist circles, Wells failed
to exert a deeper and more lasting influence because he was unable to
concentrate his energies on a direct appeal to intelligentsias who
would, ultimately, have to coordinate a Wellsian new world order.
During the Red Scare of 1947–1957, agitators of
the American secular and Christian right, influenced by the work of
Canadian conspiracy theorist William Guy Carr, increasingly embraced
and spread unfounded fears of Freemasons, Illuminati, and Jews being
the driving force behind an "international communist conspiracy".
The threat of " Godless communism " in
the form of a state atheistic and bureaucratic
collectivist world government, demonized as a "Red Menace",
therefore became the main focus of apocalyptic millenarian
conspiracism.
The Red Scare would shape one of the core ideas of the
political right in the United States which is that liberals and
progressives with their welfare-state policies and international
cooperation programs such as foreign aid supposedly contribute to a
gradual process of collectivism that will inevitably lead to nations
being replaced with a communist one-world government.
Right-wing populist advocacy groups with
a producerist worldview, such as the John Birch Society,
disseminated a multitude of conspiracy theories in the 1960s claiming that the
governments of both the United States and the Soviet Union were
controlled by a cabal of corporate internationalists, greedy
bankers and corrupt politicians intent on using the United Nations as
the vehicle to create the "One World Government". This
right-wing anti-globalist conspiracism would fuel the Bircher
campaign for U.S. withdrawal from the U.N.. American writer Mary M.
Davison, in her 1966 booklet The Profound Revolution, traced the alleged
New World Order conspiracy to the creation of the U.S. Federal
Reserve System in 1913 by international bankers, who she claimed later
formed the Council on Foreign Relations in 1921 as the shadow
government.
At the time the booklet was published, "international
bankers" would have been interpreted by many readers as a reference to a
postulated "international Jewish banking conspiracy" masterminded bythe
Rothschilds.
Claiming that the term "New World Order" is used
by a secretive elite dedicated to the destruction of all national
sovereignties, American writer Gary Allen, in his 1971 book None Dare
Call It Conspiracy, 1974 book Rockefeller: Campaigning for the New World
Order and 1987 book Say "No!" to the New World Order,
articulated the anti-globalist theme of much current right-wing populist
conspiracism in the U.S.. Thus, after the fall of communism in the
early 1990s, the main demonized scapegoat of the American far
rightshifted seamlessly from crypto-communists who plotted on behalf
of the Red Menace to globalists who plot on behalf of the New World Order.
The relatively painless nature of the shift was due to
growing right-wing populist opposition to corporate
internationalism but also in part to the basic underlying apocalyptic
millenarian paradigm, which fed the Cold War and
the witch-hunts of the McCarthy period.
In his 11 September 1990 Toward a New World Order speech
to a joint session of the U.S. Congress, President George H. W. Bush described his
objectives for post-Cold-War global governance in cooperation
with post-Soviet states:
Until now, the world we’ve known has been a world divided—a
world of barbed wire and concrete block, conflict and cold war. Now, we can see
a new world coming into view. A world in which there is the very real prospect
of a new world order. In the words of Winston Churchill, a "world
order" in which "the principles of justice and fair play ... protect
the weak against the strong ..." A world where the United Nations, freed
from cold war stalemate, is poised to fulfill the historic vision of its
founders. A world in which freedom and respect for human rights find a home
among all nations.
The New York Times observed that progressives were
denouncing this new world order as a rationalization for American
imperialambitions in the Middle East,
while conservatives rejected new security arrangements altogether and
fulminated about any possibility of U.N. revival. However, Chip Berlet, an
American investigative reporter specializing in the study
of right-wing movements in the U.S., writes:
When President Bush announced his new foreign policy would
help build a New World Order, his phrasing surged through the Christian and
secular hard right like an electric shock, since the phrase had been used to
represent the dreaded collectivist One World Government for decades. Some
Christians saw Bush as signaling the End Times betrayal by a world leader.
Secular anticommunists saw a bold attempt to smash US sovereignty and impose a
tyrannical collectivist system run by the United Nations.
American televangelist Pat Robertson with his 1991
best-selling book The New World Order became the most prominent
Christian popularizer of conspiracy theories about recent American history as a
theater in which Wall Street, the Federal Reserve System, Council on
Foreign Relations, Bilderberg Group, and Trilateral
Commission control the flow of events from behind the scenes, nudging us
constantly and covertly in the direction of world government for
the Antichrist.
Observers note that the galvanization of right-wing populist
conspiracy theorists, such as Linda Thompson, Mark Koernke and
Robert K. Spear, into militancy led to the rise of the militia movement,
which spread its anti-government ideology through speeches at rallies
and meetings, through books and videotapes sold at gun shows, through
shortwave and satellite radio, and through fax networks and computer bulletin
boards. However, overnight AM radio shows and viral propaganda on the
Internet is what most effectively contributed to
their extremist political ideas about the New World Order finding
their way into the previously apolitical literature of many Kennedy
assassinologists, ufologists, lost land theorists, and, most
recently, occultists.
The worldwide appeal of these subcultures then transmitted
New World Order conspiracism like a "mind virus" to a large new
audience of seekers of stigmatized knowledge from the mid-1990s on.
Hollywood conspiracy-thriller televisions shows and films also played
a role in introducing a vast popular audience to various fringe
theories related to New World Order conspiracism (black
helicopter, FEMA “concentration camps”, etc.), which were previously
confined to radical right-wing subcultures for decades. The 1993-2002
television series X-Files, the 1997 film Conspiracy Theory and
the 1998 film The X-Files: Fight the Future are often cited as
notable examples.
Following the start of the 21st century, specifically during
the late-2000s financial crisis, many politicians and pundits, such
as Gordon Brown, and Henry Kissinger, used the term "new world
order" in their advocacy for a comprehensive reform of the global
financial system and their calls for a "New Bretton Woods",
which takes into account emerging markets such
as China and India. These declarations had the unintended
consequence of providing fresh fodder for New World Order conspiracism, and
culminated in talk show host Sean Hannity stating on his Fox
News Channel program Hannity that "conspiracy theorists
were right". Fox News in general, and its opinion show Glenn Beck in
particular, have been repeatedly criticized by progressive media
watchdog groups for not only mainstreaming the New World Order conspiracy
theories of the radical right but possibly agitating its lone
wolves into action.
American film directors Luke Meyer and Andrew
Neel released New World Order in 2009, a critically acclaimed
documentary film which explores the world of conspiracy theorists, such as
American radio host Alex Jones, who are committed to exposing and
vigorously opposing what they perceive to be an emerging New World Order.
The growing dissemination and popularity of conspiracy
theories has created an alliance between right-wing populist agitators, such as
Alex Jones, and hip hop music’s left-wing populist rappers, such
as KRS-One, Professor Griff of Public Enemy,
and Immortal Technique, which illustrates
how anti-elitist conspiracism creates unlikely political allies in
efforts to oppose the political system.
Conspiracy theories
There are numerous systemic conspiracy
theories through which the concept of a New World Order is viewed. The
following is a list of the major ones in relatively chronological order:
End Time
Since the 19th century, many apocalyptic millennial Christian
eschatologists, starting with John Nelson Darby, have feared a globalist
conspiracy to impose a tyrannical New World Order as the fulfillment
of prophecies about the "end time" in the Bible,
specifically in the Book of Ezekiel, the Book of Daniel, the Olivet
discourse found in the Synoptic Gospels, and the Book of
Revelation.
They claim that people who have made a deal with the
Devil to gain wealth and power have become pawns in a supernatural chess
game to move humanity into accepting a utopian world government,
which rests on the spiritual foundations of
a syncretic-messianic world religion, that will later reveal itself
to be a dystopian world empire, which imposes the imperial
cult of an “Unholy Trinity” — Satan, the Antichrist and
the False Prophet.
In many contemporary Christian conspiracy theories, the
False Prophet will either be the last pope of the Catholic
Church (groomed and installed by an Alta Vendita or Jesuit
conspiracy) or a guru from the New Age movement or even the
leader of an elite fundamentalist Christian organization
like the Fellowship, while the Antichrist will either be
the president of the European Union or the secretary-general of
the United Nations or even the caliph of
a pan-Islamic state.
Some of the most vocal critics of end-time conspiracy
theories come from within Christianity. In 1993, historian Bruce
Barron wrote a stern rebuke of apocalyptic Christian conspiracism in
the Christian Research Journal, when reviewing Robertson's 1991
book The New World Order. Another critique can be found in historian Gregory
S. Camp's 1997 book Selling Fear: Conspiracy Theories and End-Times
Paranoia.
Religious studies scholar Richard T. Hughes argues
that "New World Order" rhetoric libels the Christian faith since the
"New World Order", as defined by Christian conspiracy theorists, has
no basis in the Bible whatsoever and that, in fact, this idea is not only
unbiblical; it is anti-biblical and
fundamentally anti-Christian because, by misinterpreting key passages
in the Book of Revelation, it turns a comforting message about the
coming kingdom of God into one of fear, panic and despair in the face
of an allegedly approaching one-world government.
Progressive Christians, such as preacher-theologian Peter
J. Gomes, caution Christian fundamentalists that a "spirit of
fear" can distort scripture and history by dangerously
combining biblical literalism, apocalyptic
timetables, demonization, and oppressive prejudices; while Camp warns of
the "very real danger that Christians could pick up some extra spiritual
baggage" by credulously embracing conspiracy theories. They therefore call
on Christians who indulge in conspiracism to repent.
Freemasonry
Main article: Masonic conspiracy theories
Illuminati
The Order of the Illuminati was
an Enlightenment-age secret society founded by university
professor Adam Weishaupt on 1 May 1776, in Upper Bavaria,
Germany.
The Protocols of the Elders of Zion
The Protocols of the Elders of Zion is
an antisemitic canard, originally published in Russian in 1903,
alleging a Judeo-Masonic conspiracy to achieve world
domination.
Round Table
During the second half of Britain's "imperial
century" between 1815 and 1914, English-born South African businessman,
mining magnate, and politician Cecil Rhodes advocated
the British Empire reannexing the United States of
America and reforming itself into an "Imperial Federation" to
bring about a hyperpower and lasting world peace.
The Open Conspiracy
In his 1928 book The Open Conspiracy British
writer and futurist H. G.
Wells promoted cosmopolitanism and offered blueprints for aworld
revolution and world brain to establish a
technocratic world state and planned economy.
New Age
British neo-Theosophical occultist Alice
Bailey, one of the founders of the so-called New Age movement,
prophesied in 1940 the eventual victory of the Allies of World War
II over the Axis powers (which occurred in 1945) and the
establishment by the Allies of a political and religious New World Order.
Fourth Reich
Conspiracy theorists often use the term "Fourth
Reich" simply as a pejorative synonym for the "New World Order"
to imply that its state ideology and government will be similar to
Germany's Third Reich.
Alien invasion
Since the late 1970s, extraterrestrials from
other habitable planets or parallel dimensions (such as
"Greys") and intraterrestrials from Hollow Earth (such as
"Reptilians") have been included in the New World Order conspiracy,
in more or less dominant roles, as in the theories put forward by American
writers Stan Deyo and Milton William Cooper, and British writer David
Icke.
A mythical covert government agency of the United States
code-named Majestic 12 is often imagined to be the shadow
government which collaborates with the alien occupation and
permits alien abductions, in exchange for assistance in the development
and testing of military "flying saucers" at Area 51,
in order for U.S. armed forces to achieve full-spectrum dominance.
Brave New World
Antiscience and neo-Luddite conspiracy
theorists emphasize technology forecasting in their New World Order
conspiracy theories.
Postulated implementations
Just as there are several overlapping or conflicting
theories among conspiracists about the nature of the New World Order, so are
there several beliefs about how its architects and planners will implement it:
Gradualism
Conspiracy theorists generally speculate that the New
World Order is being implemented gradually, citing the formation of
the U.S.Federal Reserve System in 1913;
the League of Nations in 1919;
the International Monetary Fund in 1944;
the United Nations in 1945;
the World Bank in 1945;
the World Health Organization in 1948;
the European Union and the euro currency
in 1993;
the World Trade Organization in 1998;
the African Union in 2002;
and the Union of South American Nations in 2008 as
major milestones.
An increasingly popular conspiracy theory among
American right-wing populists is that the hypothetical North
American Union and the amero currency, proposed by
the Council on Foreign Relations and its counterparts
in Mexico and Canada, will be the next milestone in the
implementation of the New World Order. The theory holds that a group of shadowy
and mostly nameless international elites are planning to replace
the federal government of the United States with a transnational government.
Therefore, conspiracy theorists believe the borders between Mexico, Canada and
the United States are in the process of being erased, covertly, by a group of
globalists whose ultimate goal is to replace national governments in
Washington, D.C., Ottawa and Mexico City with a European-style political union
and a bloated E.U.-style bureaucracy.
Skeptics argue that the North American Union exists only as
a proposal contained in one of a thousand academic and/or policy papers
published each year that advocate all manner of idealistic but ultimately
unrealistic approaches to social, economic and political problems. Most of
these get passed around in their own circles and eventually filed away and
forgotten by junior staffers in congressional offices. Some of these papers,
however, become touchstones for the conspiracy-minded and form the basis of all
kinds of unfounded xenophobic fears especially during times of
economic anxiety.
For example, in March 2009, as a result of
the late-2000s financial crisis, the People's Republic of
China and the Russian Federation pressed for urgent consideration of
a new international reserve currency and the United Nations
Conference on Trade and Developmentproposed greatly expanding
the I.M.F.'s special drawing rights. Conspiracy theorists fear these
proposals are a call for the U.S. to adopt a single global
currency for a New World Order.
Judging that both national governments and global institutions
have proven ineffective in addressing worldwide problems that go beyond the
capacity of individual nation-states to solve, some political
scientists critical of New World Order conspiracism, such as Mark C.
Partridge, argue that regionalism will be the major force in the
coming decades, pockets of power around regional centers: Western
Europe around Brussels, the Western
Hemisphere around Washington, D.C., East
Asia around Beijing, and Eastern Europe aroundMoscow. As
such, the E.U., the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, and
the G-20 will likely become more influential as time progresses. The
question then is not whether global governance is gradually emerging,
but rather how will these regional powers interact with one another.
Coup d'état
American right-wing populist conspiracy theorists,
especially those who joined the militia movement in the United
States, speculate that the New World Order will be implemented through a
dramatic coup d'état by a "secret team", using black
helicopters, in the U.S. and other nation-states to bring about
a totalitarian world government controlled by the United
Nations and enforced by troops of foreign U.N. peacekeepers.
Following the Rex 84 and Operation Garden Plot plans,
this military coup would involve the suspension of the Constitution, the
imposition of martial law, and the appointment of military commanders
to head state and local governments and to detain dissidents.
These conspiracy theorists, who are all strong believers in
a right to keep and bear arms, are extremely fearful that the passing of
anygun control legislation will be later followed by the abolishment
of personal gun ownership and a campaign of gun confiscation,
and that the refugee camps of emergency management agencies such
as F.E.M.A. will be used for the internment of
suspected subversives, making little effort to distinguish true threats to
the New World Order from pacifist dissidents.
Before year 2000 some survivalists wrongly
believed this process would be set in motion by the predicted Y2K
problem causing societal collapse. Since many left-wing and
right-wing conspiracy theorists believe that the September 11 attacks
were a false flag operation carried out by the United States
intelligence community, as part of a strategy of tension to justify political
repression at home and preemptive war abroad, they have become
convinced that a more catastrophic terrorist incident will be
responsible for triggering Executive Directive 51 in order to
complete the transition to a police state.
Skeptics argue that unfounded fears about an imminent or
eventual gun ban, military coup, internment, or U.N. invasion and occupation
are rooted in the siege mentality of the American militia movement
but also an apocalyptic millenarianism which provides a basic narrative
within the political right in the U.S., claiming that the idealized society
(i.e., constitutional republic, Jeffersonian democracy, "Christian
nation", "white nation") is thwarted by subversive conspiracies
of liberal secular humanists who want "Big Government"
and globalists who plot on behalf of the New World Order.
Mass surveillance
Conspiracy theorists concerned with surveillance
abuse believe that the New World Order is being implemented by
the cult of intelligence at the core of the surveillance-industrial
complex through mass surveillance and the use of Social
Security numbers, thebar-coding of retail goods with Universal
Product Code markings, and, most recently, RFID tagging via microchip
implants.
Claiming that corporations and government are planning to
track every move of consumers and citizens with RFID as the latest step toward
a 1984-like surveillance state, consumer privacy advocates, such
as Katherine Albrecht and Liz McIntyre, have become Christian
conspiracy theorists who believe spychips must be resisted because
they argue that modern database and communications technologies,
coupled with point of sale data-capture equipment and
sophisticated ID and authentication systems, now make it possible to
require a biometrically associated number or mark to make purchases. They
fear that the ability to implement such a system closely resembles the Number
of the Beast prophesied in the Book of Revelation.
In January 2002, the Information Awareness Office (IAO)
was established by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)
to bring together several DARPA projects focused on applying information
technology to counter asymmetric threats to national security.
Following public criticism that the development and deployment of these
technologies could potentially lead to a mass surveillance system, the IAO
was defunded by the United States Congress in 2003. The second source of
controversy involved IAO’s original logo, which depicted the "all-seeing" Eye
of Providence a top of a pyramid looking down over the globe, accompanied
by the Latin phrase scientia est potentia (knowledge is power).
Although DARPA eventually removed the logo from its website,
it left a lasting impression on privacy advocates. It also inflamed conspiracy
theorists, who misinterpret the "eye and pyramid" as
the Masonic symbol of the Illuminati, an 18th-century secret society
they speculate continues to exist and is plotting on behalf of a New World
Order.
American historian Richard Landes, who specializes in
the history of apocalypticism and was co-founder and director of
the Center for Millennial Studies at Boston University, argues that
new and emerging technologies often
trigger alarmism among millenarians and even the introduction
of Gutenberg's printing press in 1436 caused waves of apocalyptic
thinking. The Year 2000 problem, bar codes and Social Security numbers all
triggered end-time warnings which either proved to be false or simply
were no longer taken seriously once the public became accustomed to these
technological changes. Civil libertarians argue that the privatization of
surveillance and the rise of the surveillance-industrial complex in
the United States does raise legitimate concerns about the erosion
of privacy. However, skeptics of mass surveillance conspiracism caution
that such concerns should be disentangled from secular paranoia about Big
Brother or religious hysteria about the Antichrist.
Occultism
Conspiracy theorists of the Christian right, starting
with British revisionist historian Nesta Helen Webster, believe there is
an ancient occult conspiracy — started by the
first mystagogues of Gnosticism and perpetuated by their
alleged esoteric successors, such as the
Kabbalists, Cathars, Knights
Templar, Hermeticists, Rosicrucians, Freemasons, and,
ultimately, the Illuminati — which seeks to subvert
the Judeo-Christian foundations of the Western world and
implement the New World Order through a one-world religion that prepares the
masses to embrace the imperial cult of the Antichrist. More
broadly, they speculate that globalists who plot on behalf of a New World Order
are directed by occult agencies of some sort: unknown superiors, spiritual
hierarchies, demons, fallen angels and/or Lucifer. They
believe that these conspirators use the power of occult
sciences (numerology), symbols (Eye of Providence), rituals (Masonic
degrees), monuments (National Mall landmarks), buildings (Manitoba Legislative
Building) and facilities (Denver International Airport) to advance their
plot to rule the world.
For example, in June 1979, an unknown benefactor under the
pseudonym "R. C. Christian" had a huge
granite megalith built in the U.S. state of Georgia, which acts
like a compass, calendar, and clock. A message comprising ten guides is
inscribed on the occult structure in many languages to serve as instructions
for survivors of a doomsday event to establish a more enlightened and
sustainable civilization than the one which was destroyed.
The "Georgia Guidestones" have subsequently become
a spiritual and political Rorschach test onto which any number of ideas
can be imposed. Some New Agers and neo-pagans revere it as
a ley-line power nexus while a few conspiracy theorists are convinced
that they are engraved with the New World Order's anti-Christian "Ten
Commandments." Should the Guidestones survive for centuries as their
creators intended, many more meanings could arise, equally unrelated to the
designer’s original intention.
Skeptics argue that
the demonization of Western esotericism by conspiracy
theorists is rooted in religious intolerance but also in the
same moral panics that have fueled witch trials in the Early
Modern period, and satanic ritual abuse allegations in the United
States.
Population control
Conspiracy theorists believe that the New World Order will
also be implemented through the use of human population control in
order to more easily monitor and control the movement of individuals. The means
range from stopping the growth of human societies throughreproductive
health and family planning programs, which
promote abstinence, contraception and abortion, or
intentionally reducing the bulk of the world population through genocides by
mongering unnecessary wars, through plagues by
engineering emergent viruses and tainting vaccines, and
through environmental disasters by controlling the
weather (HAARP, chemtrails), etc. Conspiracy theorists argue that
globalists plotting on behalf of a New World Order are neo-Malthusians who
engage in overpopulation and climate change alarmism in
order to create public support for coercive population control and ultimately
world government.
Skeptics argue that fears of population control can be
traced back to the traumatic legacy of the eugenics movement's
"war against the weak" in the United States during the first decades
of the 20th century but also the Second Red Scare in the U.S. during
the late 1940s and 1950s, and to a lesser extent in the 1960s, when activists
on the far right of American politics routinely
opposed public health programs, notably water fluoridation,
mass vaccination and mental health services, by asserting
they were all part of a far-reaching plot to impose a socialist or communist
regime. Their views were influenced by opposition to a number of major social
and political changes that had happened in recent years: the growth
of internationalism, particularly the United Nations and its
programs; the introduction of social welfare provisions, particularly
the various programs established by the New Deal; and government efforts
to reduce inequalities in the social structure of the U.S..
Mind control
Social critics accuse governments, corporations, and
the mass media of being involved in the manufacturing of a
national consensus and, paradoxically, a culture of fear due to the
potential for increased social control that a mistrustful and
mutually fearing population might offer to those in power. The worst fear of
some conspiracy theorists, however, is that the New World Order will be
implemented through the use of mind control—a broad range of tactics able
to subvert an individual's control of his or her own thinking, behavior,
emotions, or decisions. These tactics are said to include everything from Manchurian
candidate-style brainwashing of sleeper agents (Project MKULTRA,
"Project Monarch") to engineering psychological
operations (water fluoridation, subliminal advertising, "Silent
Sound Spread Spectrum", MEDUSA)
and parapsychological operations (Stargate Project) to influence the
masses. The concept of wearing a tin foil hat for protection from
such threats has become a popular stereotype and term of derision; the phrase
serves as a byword for paranoia and is associated with conspiracy
theorists.
Skeptics argue that the paranoia behind a conspiracy
theorist's obsession with mind control, population
control, occultism, surveillance abuse, Big Business, Big
Government, and globalization arises from a combination of two
factors, when he or she:
1) holds strong individualist values and
2) lacks power.
The first attribute refers to people who care deeply about
an individual's right to make their own choices and direct their own lives
without interference or obligations to a larger system (like the government),
but combine this with a sense of powerlessness in one's own life, and one gets
what some psychologists call "agency panic," intense anxiety
about an apparent loss of autonomy to outside forces or regulators. When
fervent individualists feel that they cannot exercise their independence, they
experience a crisis and assume that larger forces are to blame for usurping
this freedom.
Alleged conspirators
According to Domhoff, many people seem to believe that
the United States is ruled from behind the scenes by
a conspiratorial elite with secret desires, i.e., by a small
secretive group that wants to change the government system or put the country
under the control of aworld government.
In the past the conspirators were usually said to
be crypto-communists who were intent upon bringing the United
States under a common world government with the Soviet Union, but
the dissolution of the U.S.S.R. in 1991 undercut that theory. Domhoff
notes that most conspiracy theorists changed their focus to the United
Nations as the likely controlling force in a New World Order, an
idea which is undermined by the powerlessness of the U.N. and the unwillingness
of even moderates within the American Establishment to give it anything
but a limited role.
Although skeptical of New World Order conspiracism,
political scientist David Rothkopf argues, in the 2008 book Superclass:
The Global Power Elite and the World They Are Making, that the world population
of 6 billion people is governed by an elite of 6,000 individuals. Until the
late 20th century, governments of the great powers provided most of
the superclass, accompanied by a few heads of international movements
(i.e., the Pope of the Catholic Church) and entrepreneurs (Rothschilds, Rockefellers).
According to Rothkopf, in the early 21st century, economic clout—fueled by the
explosive expansion of international trade, travel and communication—rules;
the nation-state's power has diminished shrinking politicians to
minority power broker status; leaders in international business,
finance and the defense industry not only dominate the superclass, they move
freely into high positions in their nations' governments and back to private
life largely beyond the notice of elected legislatures (including the U.S.
Congress), which remain abysmally ignorant of affairs beyond their borders. He
asserts that the superclass' disproportionate influence over national policy is
constructive but always self-interested, and that across the world, few object
to corruption and oppressive governments provided they can do business in these
countries.
Viewing the history of the world as the history of warfare
between secret societies, conspiracy theorists go further than Rothkopf,
and other scholars who have studied the global power elite, by claiming
that established upper-class families with "old money" who founded
and finance
the Bilderberg Group,
Bohemian Club,
Club of Rome,
Council on Foreign Relations,
Rhodes Trust,
Skull and Bones,
Trilateral Commission,
and similar think tanks and private clubs,
are illuminated conspirators plotting to impose
a totalitarian New World Order — the implementation of
an authoritarian world government controlled by the United Nations
and a global central bank, which maintains political power through
the financialization of the economy, regulation and restriction
of speech through.
the concentration of media ownership,
mass surveillance,
widespread use of state terrorism,
and an all-encompassing propaganda that creates
a cult of personality around a puppet world leader
and ideologizes world government as the culmination of history's
progress.
Marxists, who are skeptical of right-wing
populist conspiracy theories, also accuse the global power elite of not
having the best interests of all at heart, and many inter governmental
organizations of suffering from a democratic deficit, but they argue that
the superclass are plutocrats only interested in brazenly imposing
a neoliberal or neo conservative new world order — the
implementation of global capitalism through economic and
military coercion to protect the interests of transnational
corporations — which systematically undermines the possibility of
a socialist one-world government.
Arguing that the world is in the middle of a transition from
the American Empire to the rule of a global ruling class that has emerged
from within the American Empire, they point out that right-wing populist
conspiracy theorists, blinded by their anti-communism, fail to see is that
what they demonize as the "New World Order" is, ironically, the
highest stage of the very capitalist economic system they defend.
American intellectual Noam Chomsky, author of the 1994
book World Orders Old and New, often describes the new world
order as a post-Cold-War era in which "the New World gives
the orders". Commenting on the 1999 US-NATO bombing of Serbia, he
writes:
The aim of these assaults is to establish the role of the
major imperialist powers—above all, the United States—as the unchallengeable
arbiters of world affairs. The "New World Order" is precisely this:
an international regime of unrelenting pressure and intimidation by the most
powerful capitalist states against the weakest.
Criticisms
Skeptics of New World Order conspiracy theories accuse its
proponents of indulging in the furtive fallacy, a belief that significant
facts of history are necessarily sinister; conspiracism, a world view that
centrally places conspiracy theories in the unfolding of history, rather than
social and economic forces; and fusion paranoia, a promiscuous absorption
of fears from any source whatsoever.
Domhoff, a research professor in psychology and sociology
who studies theories of power, writes in a March 2005 essay
entitled There Are No Conspiracies:
There are several problems with a conspiratorial view that
don't fit with what we know about power structures. First, it assumes that a
small handful of wealthy and highly educated people somehow develop an extreme psychological
desire for power that leads them to do things that don't fit with the roles
they seem to have. For example, that rich capitalists are no longer out to make
a profit, but to create a one-world government. Or that elected officials are
trying to get the constitution suspended so they can assume dictatorial powers.
These kinds of claims go back many decades now, and it is always said that it
is really going to happen this time, but it never does. Since these claims have
proved wrong dozens of times by now, it makes more sense to assume that leaders
act for their usual reasons, such as profit-seeking motives and
institutionalized roles as elected officials. Of course they want to make as
much money as they can, and be elected by huge margins every time, and that can
lead them to do many unsavory things, but nothing in the ballpark of creating a
one-world government or suspending the constitution.
Partridge, a contributing editor to the global affairs
magazine Diplomatic Courier, writes in a December 2008 article
entitled One World Government: Conspiracy Theory or Inevitable Future?:
I am skeptical that “global governance” could “come much
sooner than that [200 years],” as [journalist Gideon Rachman] posits. For one
thing, nationalism—the natural counterpoint to global government—is rising.
Some leaders and peoples around the world have resented Washington’s chiding
and hubris over the past two decade of American unipolarity. Russia has been
re-establishing itself as a “great power”; few could miss the national pride on
display when China hosted the Beijing Olympics this summer; while Hugo Chavez
and his ilk have stoked the national flames with their anti-American rhetoric.
The departing of the Bush Administration could cause this nationalism to abate,
but economic uncertainty usually has the opposite effect. [...] Another point
is that attempts at global government and global agreements have been
categorical failures. The WTO’s Doha Round is dead in the water, Kyoto excluded
many of the leading polluters and a conference to establish a deal was a
failure, and there is a race to the bottom in terms of corporate taxes—rather
than an existing global framework. And, where supranational governance
structures exist, they are noted for their bureaucracy and inefficiency: The
UN has been unable to stop an American-led invasion of Iraq, genocide in
Darfur, the slow collapse of Zimbabwe, or Iran’s continued uranium enrichment.
That is not to belittle the structure, as I deem it essential, but the system’s
flaws are there for all to see.
Although some cultural critics see super conspiracy
theories about a New World Order as "postmodern meta narratives"
that may be politically empowering, a way of giving ordinary people a narrative
structure with which to question what they see around them, skeptics argue that
conspiracism leads people into cynicism, convoluted thinking, and a tendency to
feel it is hopeless even as they denounce the alleged conspirators.
The activities of conspiracy theorists (talk radio shows,
books, websites, documentary videos, conferences, etc.) unwittingly draw
enormous amounts of energy and effort away from serious criticism and activism
directed to real and ongoing crimes of state, and their institutional
background. That is why conspiracy-focused movements (JFK, UFO, 9/11
Truth) are treated far more tolerantly by centers of power than is the norm for
serious critical and activist work of truly left-wing
progressives who are marginalized from mainstream public discourse.
Marxists, such as the members of the U.S. Party for
Socialism and Liberation, reject conspiracy theories in general and New World
Order conspiracism in particular because it produces false
consciousness and cultism.
They argue:
Conspiracy “theories” lack any true analysis of the systemic
class forces at work that oppress billions of people each day. They do not
point to imperialism and capitalism as the main problems, instead ascribing
society's ills to a few leaders from imperialist countries that are somehow
above the class systems under which we live. Such “theories” are not only
false, anti-Marxist and truly reductive of history—they are dangerous
diversions that keep people from aiming their anger and hatred toward the
system that actually causes oppression throughout the world.
Marxists conclude that the real solution is
something right-wing populist conspiracy theorists would never
advocate or contemplate: democratic socialism.
Concerned that the improvisational
millennialism of most conspiracy theories about a New World Order might motivate lone
wolves to engage in leaderless resistance leading
to domestic terrorist incidents like the Oklahoma City bombing,Barkun writes:
The danger lies less in such beliefs themselves ... than in
the behavior they might stimulate or justify. As long as the New World Order
appeared to be almost but not quite a reality, devotees of conspiracy theories
could be expected to confine their activities to propagandizing. On the other
hand, should they believe that the prophesied evil day had in fact arrived, their
behavior would become far more difficult to predict.
Warning of the threat to American democracy posed
by right-wing populist movements led by demagogues who
mobilize support for mob rule or even a fascist revolution by
exploiting the fear of conspiracies, Berlet writes:
Right-wing populist movements can cause serious damage to a
society because they often popularize xenophobia, authoritarianism,
scapegoating, and conspiracism. This can lure mainstream politicians to adopt
these themes to attract voters, legitimize acts of discrimination (or even
violence), and open the door for revolutionary right-wing populist movements,
such as fascism, to recruit from the reformist populist movements,
Hughes, a professor of religion, warns that no religious
idea has greater potential for shaping global politics in profoundly negative
ways than "the new world order". He writes in a February 2011 article
entitled Revelation, Revolutions, and the Tyrannical New World Order:
The crucial piece of this puzzle is the identity of the
Antichrist, the tyrannical figure who both leads and inspires the new world
order. [...] for many years, rapture theologians identified the Soviet Union as
the Antichrist. But after Sept. 11, they became quite certain that the
Antichrist was closely connected with the Arab world and the Muslim religion.
This means, quite simply, that for rapture theologians, Islam stands at
the heart of the tyrannical "new world order." Precisely here we
discover why the idea of a "new world order" has such potential to
move global politics in profoundly negative directions, for rapture theologians
typically welcome war with the Islamic world. As Bill Moyers wrote of
the rapture theologians, "A war with Islam in the Middle East is not
something to be feared but welcomed -- an essential conflagration on the road
to redemption." Further, rapture theologians co-opt the United States as a
tool in their cosmic vision -- a tool God will use to smite the Antichrist and
the enemies of righteousness. This is why Tim LaHaye, co-author of the
best-selling series of end-times books, could lend such strong support to the
American invasion and occupation of Iraq. By virtue of that war, LaHaye
believed, Iraq would become "a focal point of end-times events." Even
more disturbing is the fact that rapture theologians blissfully open the door
to nuclear holocaust. Rapture theologians have always held that God will
destroy his enemies at the end of time in the Great Battle of Armageddon. But
since World War II, they have increasingly identified Armageddon with nuclear
weaponry, thereby lending biblical inevitability to the prospects of nuclear
annihilation. As one prophecy writer put it, "The holocaust of atomic war
would fulfill the prophecies."
Criticisms of New World Order conspiracy theorists also come
from within their own community. Despite believing themselves to be
"freedom fighters", many right-wing populist conspiracy theorists
hold views that are incompatible with their professed libertarianism,
such as dominionism, white supremacism, and even eliminationism.
This paradox has led Icke, who argues that Christian
Patriots are the only Americans who understand the truth about the New
World Order (which he believes is controlled by a race of reptilians known
as the "Babylonian Brotherhood"), to reportedly tell a Christian
Patriot group:
I don't know which I dislike more, the world controlled by
the Brotherhood, or the one you want to replace it with.
April 4, 2013
WATCH : HERE
Infowars.com
Almost one third of Americans believe that a secretive power
elite is conspiring to rule the world via an authoritarian global government,
according to a new national poll. HERE
April 6, 2013
Watch Here : HERE
Vice President Joe Biden states that the ‘affirmative task’
before us is to ‘create a new world order’ at the Export Import Bank conference
in Washington on April 5, 2013.
He also said the U.S. jobs figures for March are
“disappointing.” | HERE
Infowars :
Vice President Joe Biden threw caution to the wind Friday as
he shockingly declared, “The affirmative task we have now is to actually create
a new world order,” adding yet another admission to an already long list of
documented globalist bragging of plans for a centralized, one-world global
government. | HERE
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