Sun Tzu
was an ancient Chinese military general, strategist and philosopher from the Zhou Dynasty. He is traditionally believed to be the author of The Art of War, an extremely influential ancient Chinese book on military strategy. Sun Tzu has had a significant impact on Chinese and Asian history and culture, both as an author ofThe Art of War and through legend.
Sun was a historical figure whose authenticity is questioned by historians. Traditional accounts place him from c. 544–496 BC in the Spring and Autumn Period of China (722–481 BC) as a military general serving under King Helü of Wu. Modern scholars accepting his historicity place the completion of The Art of War in the Warring States Period (476–221 BC), based on the descriptions of warfare in the text, and on the similarity of text's prose to other works completed in the early Warring States period.
Traditional accounts state that his descendant, Sun Bin, also wrote a treatise on military tactics, titled Sun Bin's Art of War. Both Sun Wu and Sun Bin were referred to as Sun Tzu in classical Chinese writings, and some historians believed that Sun Wu was in fact Sun Bin until Sun Bin's own treatise was discovered in 1972. During the 19th and 20th centuries, Sun Tzu's The Art of War grew in popularity and saw practical use in Western society. His work continues to influence both Asian and Western culture and politics. | HERE
NOTES
- "war is like fire; people who do not lay down their arms will die by their arms".
- "No long war ever profited any country: 100 victories in 100 battles is simply ridiculous. Anyone who excels in defeating his enemies triumphs before his enemy's threat become real"
- "the best policy is to capture the state intact; it should be destroyed only if no other options are available"
- So it is said that if you know your enemies and know yourself, you can win a hundred battles without a single loss.
- If you only know yourself, but not your opponent, you may win or may lose.
- If you know neither yourself nor your enemy, you will always endanger yourself.
- (If you know both yourself and your enemy, you can win numerous (literally, "a hundred") battles without jeopardy.)
- All warfare is based on deception. Hence, when we are able to attack, we must seem unable; when using our forces, we must appear inactive; when we are near, we must make the enemy believe we are far away; when far away, we must make him believe we are near. ( All warfare is based on deception)
- “The supreme art of war is to subdue the enemy without fighting.”
- “Appear weak when you are strong, and strong when you are weak.”
- “If you know the enemy and know yourself, you need not fear the result of a hundred battles. If you know yourself but not the enemy, for every victory gained you will also suffer a defeat. If you know neither the enemy nor yourself,
- you will succumb in every battle”
- “Supreme excellence consists of breaking the enemy's resistance without fighting.”
- “Victorious warriors win first and then go to war, while defeated warriors go to war first and then seek to win”
- “All warfare is based on deception.”
- “Keep your friends close, and your enemies closer”
- “Let your plans be dark and impenetrable as night, and when you move, fall like a thunderbolt.”
- “A leader leads by example, not by force”
- “Opportunities multiply as they are seized.”
- “When strong, avoid them. If of high morale, depress them. Seem humble to fill them with conceit. If at ease, exhaust them. If united, separate them. Attack their weaknesses. Emerge to their surprise.”
- “know yourself and you will win all battles”
- “Even the finest sword plunged into salt water will eventually rust.”
- “Can you imagine what I would do if I could do all I can?”
- “To know your Enemy, you must become your Enemy.”
- “When the enemy is relaxed, make them toil. When full, starve them. When settled, make them move.”
- “Thus we may know that there are five essentials for victory:
1 He will win who knows when to fight and when not to fight.
2 He will win who knows how to handle both superior and inferior forces.
3 He will win whose army is animated by the same spirit throughout all its ranks.
4 He will win who, prepared himself, waits to take the enemy unprepared.
5 He will win who has military capacity and is not interfered with by the sovereign.”
- “Build your opponent a golden bridge to retreat across.”
- “Engage people with what they expect; it is what they are able to discern and confirms their projections. It settles them into predictable patterns of response, occupying their minds while you wait for the extraordinary moment — that which they cannot anticipate.”
- “Strategy without tactics is the slowest route to victory. Tactics without strategy is the noise before defeat.”
- “You have to believe in yourself. ”
- “Move swift as the Wind and closely-formed as the Wood. Attack like the Fire and be still as the Mountain.”
- “If your enemy is secure at all points, be prepared for him. If he is in superior strength, evade him. If your opponent is temperamental, seek to irritate him. Pretend to be weak, that he may grow arrogant. If he is taking his ease, give him no rest. If his forces are united, separate them. If sovereign and subject are in accord, put division between them. Attack him where he is unprepared, appear where you are not expected.”
- “There is no instance of a country having benefited from prolonged warfare. ”
- “Be extremely subtle even to the point of formlessness. Be extremely mysterious even to the point of soundlessness. Thereby you can be the director of the opponent s fate.”
- “If the mind is willing, the flesh could go on and on without many things.”
- “All warfare is based on deception. Hence, when able to attack, we must seem unable; when using our forces, we must seem inactive; when we are near, we must make the enemy believe we are far away; when far away, we must make him believe we are near.”
- “When one treats people with benevolence, justice, and righteoousness, and reposes confidence in them, the army will be united in mind and all will be happy to serve their leaders'.”
- “One may know how to conquer without being able to do it. ”
- “Ultimate excellence lies not in winning every battle, but in defeating the enemy without ever fighting.”
- “There are not more than five musical notes, yet the combinations of these five give rise to more melodies than can ever be heard.
- There are not more than five primary colours, yet in combination they produce more hues than can ever been seen.
- There are not more than five cardinal tastes, yet combinations ofthem yield more flavours than can ever be tasted.”
- “When you surround an army, leave an outlet free. Do not press a desperate foe too hard.”
- “If quick, I survive. If not quick, I am lost. This is "death.”
- “He who is prudent and lies in wait for an enemy who is not, will be victorious.”
- “To secure ourselves against defeat lies in our own hands, but the opportunity of defeating the enemy is provided by the enemy himself.”
- “What the ancients called a clever fighter is one who not only wins, but excels in winning with ease.”
- “Treat your men as you would your own beloved sons. And they will follow you into the deepest valley.”
- “If you wait by the river long enough, the bodies of your enemies will float by.”
- “To win one hundred victories in one hundred battles is not the acme of skill. To subdue the enemy without fighting is the acme of skill”
- “The general who advances without coveting fame and retreats without fearing disgrace, whose only thought is to protect his country and do good service for his sovereign, is the jewel of the kingdom.”
- “So in war, the way is to avoid what is strong, and strike at what is weak.”
- “He will win who knows when to fight and when not to fight”
- “The greatest victory is that which requires no battle.”
- “Pretend inferiority and encourage his arrogance.”
- “To fight and conquer in all your battles is not supreme excellence; supreme excellence consists in breaking the enemy's resistance without fighting.”
- “If words of command are not clear and distinct, if orders are not thoroughly understood, then the general is to blame. But, if orders are clear and the soldiers nevertheless disobey, then it is the fault of their oficers.”
- “One mark of a great soldier is that he fight on his own terms or fights not at all.”
- “Energy may be likened to the bending of a crossbow; decision, to the releasing of a trigger.”
- “Wheels of justice gind slow but grind fine”
- “Water shapes its course according to the nature of the ground over which it flows; the soldier works out his victory in relation to the foe whom he is facing.”
- “In battle, there are not more than two methods of attack--the direct and the indirect; yet these two in combination give rise to an endless series of maneuvers.”
- “If you know the enemy and know yourself, your victory will not stand in doubt; if you know Heaven and know Earth, you may make your victory complete.”
- “Thus the expert in battle moves the enemy, and is not moved by him.”
- “Anger may in time change to gladness; vexation may be succeeded by content. But a kingdom that has once been destroyed can never come again into being; nor can the dead ever be brought back to life.”
- " If ignorant both of your enemy and yourself, you are certain to be in peril.”
- “If soldiers are punished before they have grown attached to you, they will not prove submissive; and, unless submissive, then will be practically useless. If, when the soldiers have become attached to you, punishments are not enforced, they will still be unless.”
- “Convince your enemy that he will gain very little by attacking you; this will diminish his enthusiasm”
- “All is fair in love and war”
- “No ruler should put troops into the field merely to gratify his own spleen; no general should fight a battle simply out of pique. If it is to your advantage, make a forward move; if not, stay where you are. Anger may in time change to gladness; vexation may be succeeded by content.But a kingdom that has once been destroyed can never come again into being; nor can the dead ever be brought back to life.”
- “The control of a large force is the same principle as the control of a few men: it is merely a question of dividing up their numbers.”
- “The Art of War is self-explanatory”
- “The skillful tactician may be likened to the shuai-jan. Now the shuai-jan is a snake that is found in the Ch'ang mountains. Strike at its head, and you will be attacked by its tail; strike at its tail, and you will be attacked by its head; strike at its middle, and you will be attacked by head and tail both.”
- “But a kingdom that has once been destroyed can never come again into being; nor can the dead ever be brought back to life.”
- “It is only the enlightened ruler and the wise general who will use the highest intelligence of the army for the purposes of spying, and thereby they achieve great results.”
- “The end and aim of spying in all its five varieties is knowledge of the enemy; and this knowledge can only be derived, in the first instance, from the converted spy. Hence it is essential that the converted spy be treated with the utmost liberality.”
- “Hence that general is skilful in attack whose opponent does not know what to defend; and he is skilful in defense whose opponent does not know what to attack.”
- “It is only one who is thoroughly acquainted with the evils of war that can thoroughly understand the profitable way of carrying it on.”
- “It is the rule in war, if our forces are ten to the enemy's one, to surround him; if five to one, to attack him; if twice as numerous, to divide our army into two.”
- “In war, then, let your great object be victory, not lengthy campaigns.”
- “Rouse him, and learn the principle of his activity or inactivity. Force him to reveal himself, so as to find out his vulnerable spots.”
- “Hence a commander who advances without any thought of winning personal fame and withdraws in spite of certain punishment, whose only concern is to protect his people and promote the interests of his ruler, is the nation's treasure. Because he fusses over his men as if they were infants, they will accompany him into the deepest valleys; because he fusses over his men as if they were his own beloved sons, they will die by his side. If he is generous with them and yet they do not do as he tells them, if he loves them and yet they do not obey his commands, if he is so undisciplined with them that he cannot bring them into proper order, the will be like spoiled children who can be put to no good use at all.”
- “Invincibility lies in the defence; the possibility of victory in the attack.”
- “There are roads which must not be followed, armies which must not be attacked, towns which must not be besieged, positions which must not be contested, commands of the sovereign which must not be obeyed.”
- “Order or disorder depends on organisation; courage or cowardice on circumstances; strength or weakness on dispositions.”
- “If you know yourself but not the enemy, for every victory gained you will also suffer a defeat.”
- “Confront them with annihilation, and they will then survive; plunge them into a deadly situation, and they will then live. When people fall into danger, they are then able to strive for victory.”
- “Those skilled at making the enemy move do so by creating a situation to which he must conform; they entice him with something he is certain to take, and with lures of ostensible profit they await him in strength.”
- “Regard your soldiers as your children, and they will follow you into the deepest valleys; look on them as your own beloved sons”
- “Foreknowledge cannot be gotten from ghosts and spirits, cannot be had by analogy, cannot be found out by calculation. It must be obtained from people, people who know the conditions of the enemy.”
- “If his forces are united, separate them.”
- “In the practical art of war, the best thing of all is to take the enemy's country whole and intact; to shatter and destroy it is not so good. So, too, it is better to recapture an army entire than to destroy it, to capture a regiment, a detachment or a company entire than to destroy them.”
- “The King is only fond of words, and cannot translate them into deeds.”
- “Ponder and deliberate before you make a move.”
- “Hence to fight and conquer in all your battles is not supreme excellence; supreme excellence consists in breaking the enemy's resistance without fighting.”
- “If your opponent is of choleric temper, seek to irritate him. Pretend to be weak, that he may grow arrogant.”
- “If you are near the enemy, make him believe you are far from him.
- If you are far from the enemy, make him believe you are now”
- “Knowing the enemy enables you to take the offensive, knowing yourself enables you to stand on the defensive.”
- Therefore one hundred victories in one hundred battles is not the most skillful. Seizing the enemy without fighting is the most skillful.
- “One hundred victories in one hundred battles is not the most skillful, subduing the other's military without battle is the most skillful.”
- “By reinforcing every part, he weakens every part.”
- “Sun Tzu said: The art of war is of vital importance to the State.”
- “Cualquiera que tenga forma puede ser definido, y cualquiera que pueda ser definido puede ser vencido.”
- “The art of war, then, is governed by five constant factors, to be taken into account in one's deliberations, when seeking to determine the conditions obtaining in the field.”
- “The whole secret lies in confusing the enemy, so that he cannot fathom our real intent.”
- “There are not more than five primary colors (blue, yellow, red, white, and black), yet in combination they produce more hues than can ever been seen.”
- “You can be sure of succeeding in your attacks if you only attack places which are undefended.”
- “The spot where we intend to fight must not be made known; for then the enemy will have to prepare against a possible attack at several different points;”
- “If we wish to wrest an advantage from the enemy, we must not fix our minds on that alone, but allow for the possibility of the enemy also doing some harm to us, and let this enter as a factor into our calculations.”
- “Bravery without forethought, causes a man to fight blindly and desperately like a mad bull. Such an opponent, must not be encountered with brute force, but may be lured into an ambush and slain.”
- “If there is disturbance in the camp, the general's authority is weak. ”
- “El arte de la guerra se basa en el engaño. Por lo tanto, cuando es capaz de atacar, ha de aparentar incapacidad; cuando las trampas se mueven, aparentar inactividad.”
- “Находясь в порядке, ждут беспорядка; находясь в спокойствии, ждут волнений; это и есть управление сердцем.”
- “the worst calamities that befall an army arise from hesitation”
- “When your army has crossed the border, you should burn your boats and bridges, in order to make it clear to everybody that you have no hankering after home.”
- “Begin by seizing something which your opponent holds dear; then he will be amenable to your will.”
- “The principle on which to manage an army is to set up one standard of courage which all must reach.”
- “When the outlook is bright, bring it before their eyes; but tell them nothing when the situation is gloomy.”
- “Danger has a bracing effect.”
- “Success in warfare is gained by carefully accommodating ourselves to the enemy's purpose.”
- “Conform to the enemy's tactics until a favorable opportunity offers; then come forth and engage in a battle that shall prove decisive.”
- “Never venture, never win!”
- “Rewards for good service should not be deferred a single day.”
- “If you do not take opportunity to advance and reward the deserving, your subordinates will not carry out your commands, and disaster will ensue.”
- “Cien vitorias en cien batallas no es la mayor habilidad. Someter al ejército de los otros sin batalla es la mayor habilidad.”
- “Every battle is won before it’s ever fought.”
- “bestowed”
- “and addressed them thus: “I presume you know the difference between front and back, right hand and left hand?”
- “to blame.”
- “When the general is weak and without authority; when his orders are not clear and distinct; when there are no fixed duties assigned to officers and men, and the ranks are formed in a slovenly haphazard manner, the result is utter disorganization.”
- “No ruler should put troops into the field merely to gratify his own spleen; no general should fight a battle simply out of pique.”
- “On open ground, do not try to block the enemy's way. On the ground of intersecting highways, join hands with your allies.”
- “Be stern in the council-chamber, [Show no weakness, and insist on your plans being ratified by the sovereign.] so that you may control the situation.”
- “At first, then, exhibit the coyness of a maiden, until the enemy gives you an opening; afterwards emulate the rapidity of a running hare, and it will be too late for the enemy to oppose you.”
- “Unhappy is the fate of one who tries to win his battles and succeed in his attacks without cultivating the spirit of enterprise; for the result is waste of time and general stagnation.”
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